What Are the Symptoms of Fibroids?

Heavy or Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding

One of the hallmark symptoms of fibroids is heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding. This may mean bleeding that is heavier than usual, lasts more than seven days, or requires frequent changes of sanitary products, even at night. The medical term for this symptom is menorrhagia. For women with fibroids, heavy bleeding can become a regular part of their menstrual cycles, causing discomfort and interrupting daily routines. Severe blood loss can also lead to anemia, leaving individuals feeling fatigued and weak. Addressing heavy menstrual bleeding is often the first step toward relief for those experiencing fibroid-related symptoms.

Pelvic Pain and Pressure

Fibroids can lead to feelings of pressure or pain in the pelvic area, which is the region between the hip bones and below the stomach. This pain may feel like a dull ache or, in some cases, intense cramping. Larger fibroids tend to press against surrounding organs and tissues, causing discomfort or even a sense of heaviness. Pelvic pain related to fibroids is usually persistent and can be triggered by certain movements or prolonged periods of sitting or standing. Women often describe the pain as “dragging” or “aching,” and it may be worse during their menstrual periods. Some individuals experience lower back pain as well, which can further affect daily activities.

Frequent Urination

When fibroids press on the bladder, they can cause frequent urination. Some women find they need to urinate more often than usual, including during the night. This symptom can disrupt sleep patterns and affect hydration levels if it leads to reducing fluid intake to manage the need to urinate. In some cases, fibroids can even block the urinary tract, leading to issues with emptying the bladder completely. If fibroid size or location impacts the bladder, addressing the issue can help restore normal urinary function.

Constipation and Bloating

Fibroids that press on the rectum can cause constipation, bloating, or feelings of fullness. When fibroids impact the digestive tract, they may interfere with the regular movement of waste through the body. Some women experience bloating as a result, which can cause abdominal discomfort and make clothing feel tighter. This bloating may be persistent or fluctuate, often worsening before or during menstruation. Constipation can add to the sense of fullness or discomfort, creating a cycle of digestive distress. Staying hydrated, eating a fiber-rich diet, and seeking medical advice can help manage these symptoms and improve overall comfort.

Pain During Intercourse

Pain during intercourse, medically known as dyspareunia, is another symptom commonly associated with fibroids. When fibroids grow near the cervix or within the uterine lining, they can create discomfort or even sharp pain during sexual activity. This pain may feel like pressure or cramping and is usually more noticeable in certain positions. Experiencing pain during intimacy can lead to anxiety and may even affect relationships, making it essential to address this symptom and explore options for treatment. Open communication with healthcare providers and partners is helpful in managing this sensitive issue.

Enlarged Abdomen

For some women, fibroids cause visible abdominal swelling, creating an appearance that resembles pregnancy or significant weight gain. This symptom is more common with larger fibroids or multiple fibroids. The swelling can lead to discomfort, difficulty with exercise, and self-consciousness about body image. Women experiencing abdominal enlargement due to fibroids may notice tightness in clothing or may be asked by others if they are pregnant. An enlarged abdomen can also contribute to feelings of bloating, especially if the fibroids impact digestion. Monitoring abdominal size and discussing changes with a healthcare provider is essential to managing this symptom.

Fatigue

Fatigue is a common, yet less recognized, symptom of fibroids. It often occurs due to anemia caused by excessive blood loss, which reduces the body’s red blood cell count and lowers oxygen levels. Fatigue can range from feeling mildly tired to experiencing overwhelming exhaustion that affects daily life. Iron supplements, dietary changes, and rest can help alleviate fatigue to some extent, but addressing the underlying cause, like heavy menstrual bleeding, is key to feeling fully restored. For women with fibroids, managing fatigue often means prioritizing rest and seeking comprehensive care to improve their overall energy levels.

Lower Back Pain

Fibroids, especially those that grow on the back wall of the uterus, can press against the muscles and nerves in the lower back, causing persistent or occasional lower back pain. The pain may be a dull ache or more intense, depending on fibroid size and location. Women may find that their back pain worsens with certain activities, like bending over, lifting, or standing for long periods. Back pain related to fibroids can interfere with exercise routines, daily chores, and overall mobility. Physical therapy, heat therapy, and other pain management methods can provide temporary relief, but addressing the fibroids themselves is essential to long-term pain reduction.

Leg Pain and Swelling

Though less common, fibroids can cause leg pain and swelling. This happens when larger fibroids press on the pelvic nerves, affecting the flow of blood to the legs. Some women report a feeling of heaviness in their legs or a sensation similar to “pins and needles.” Swelling or aching in the legs can make walking and other activities challenging. Because leg pain and swelling can result from other conditions, it’s essential to talk to a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Fertility and Pregnancy Complications

Fibroids can impact fertility and pregnancy, though they do not always prevent women from conceiving. Some women with fibroids may experience difficulty getting pregnant, while others face an increased risk of miscarriage, preterm labor, or complications during childbirth. Fibroids located within the uterine cavity or near the fallopian tubes may interfere with implantation or block the passage of sperm. Those who conceive despite fibroids may need specialized care to monitor and manage the pregnancy. If fertility or pregnancy concerns arise, consulting a specialist can provide valuable insight into the best options for growing a family.

Emotional and Psychological Impact

Dealing with fibroid symptoms, particularly those that affect daily life or relationships, can take an emotional toll. Women may experience stress, anxiety, or even depression as a result of chronic pain, fatigue, and lifestyle changes. The unpredictable nature of symptoms like heavy bleeding and bloating can make it challenging to plan social activities, while fatigue and pain can affect productivity and focus. Seeking support through counseling, support groups, or trusted friends and family members can make a significant difference in managing the emotional side of living with fibroids. For some, finding a treatment plan that alleviates symptoms also brings peace of mind and a renewed sense of well-being.

Contact us for Help 

While fibroid symptoms vary from person to person, any unusual or persistent signs should be addressed with a healthcare provider to ensure early intervention and effective symptom management. If you’re experiencing these symptoms or want more information about fibroids, Preferred Fibroid offers a range of services to help you explore your options. Contact us today to learn more about how we can assist you in finding the relief you need.