What Are Uterine Leiomyomas?

Types and Locations of Fibroids

Fibroids can vary in size, number, and location within the uterus. The three primary types are:

• Intramural Fibroids: These grow within the muscular wall of the uterus. They are the most common type and can lead to symptoms such as pelvic pain and a feeling of heaviness.
• Subserosal Fibroids: Located on the outer wall of the uterus, these can grow large enough to press against surrounding organs like the bladder or bowel, causing urinary or digestive issues.
• Submucosal Fibroids: These develop just beneath the uterine lining and can protrude into the uterine cavity. They are associated with heavy menstrual bleeding and may contribute to fertility challenges.

Some fibroids grow on stalks outside or inside the uterus, referred to as pedunculated fibroids. Their size can range from as small as a seed to as large as a melon. Women may have a single fibroid or multiple fibroids simultaneously.

Common Symptoms of Fibroids

The symptoms of fibroids depend on their size, location, and number. Below are the most common symptoms, along with how they can affect a woman’s daily life:

1. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia):
   One of the hallmark symptoms of fibroids, heavy bleeding during menstruation, can result in prolonged periods lasting more than seven days or require frequent changes of menstrual products. This can lead to anemia, fatigue, and a reduced ability to concentrate. For women who work in environments where regular breaks are challenging, such as teaching or retail, managing heavy bleeding can be particularly stressful. Socially, the unpredictability of heavy periods can make it difficult to attend events or engage in activities.
2. Pelvic Pain or Pressure:
   Large fibroids can create a sense of fullness or pressure in the pelvic region. This discomfort may feel like a constant ache or intensify during menstruation. Pain can interfere with productivity at work and limit physical activities, from exercising to playing with children. Socially, the persistent discomfort can lead to reduced participation in recreational or leisure activities.
3. Frequent Urination or Difficulty Emptying the Bladder:
   Fibroids that press on the bladder can cause urinary symptoms such as frequent trips to the bathroom or a sensation of incomplete emptying. These issues may disrupt sleep or make travel and long meetings challenging. Women might feel self-conscious about needing frequent restroom breaks, impacting their confidence in professional or social settings.
4. Constipation or Bloating:
   When fibroids press on the bowel, they can cause gastrointestinal symptoms like constipation and bloating. These symptoms can make women feel physically uncomfortable and affect dietary choices. Social gatherings involving food might become stressful, and prolonged constipation can impact overall health and well-being.
5. Pain During Intercourse:
   Fibroids located near the cervix or within the uterine cavity can cause pain or discomfort during intercourse. This can lead to emotional strain in relationships and reduced intimacy.
6. Back or Leg Pain:
   Subserosal fibroids that grow toward the back of the uterus can press on nerves, causing lower back or leg pain. This type of pain can limit mobility, making it difficult to perform physical tasks at work or enjoy hobbies like dancing or hiking.
7. Fertility and Pregnancy Complications:
   Fibroids can sometimes interfere with conception or increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as miscarriage or preterm labor. For women trying to start or expand their families, this can be emotionally challenging and may require additional medical interventions.

Minimally Invasive Treatment Option: Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Advances in medical technology have made it possible to treat fibroids without the need for invasive surgery. Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure that has emerged as an effective treatment option for women who want to avoid hysterectomy or other surgical interventions.

During UFE, a specially trained interventional radiologist inserts a catheter into a blood vessel in the groin or wrist. Tiny particles are injected into the uterine arteries, cutting off the blood supply to the fibroids. Without blood flow, the fibroids shrink and die, alleviating symptoms over time.

UFE offers several advantages:

• Minimally Invasive: There are no large incisions, which reduces recovery time and the risk of complications.
• Preservation of the Uterus: Unlike a hysterectomy, UFE allows women to retain their uterus, which can be important for personal or cultural reasons.
• Quick Recovery: Most women can return to normal activities within a week, making it a practical option for those with busy schedules or family responsibilities.
• Symptom Relief: UFE effectively reduces symptoms like heavy bleeding, pain, and pressure, significantly improving quality of life.

Seeking Professional Help

If you are experiencing symptoms of fibroids, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to discuss your options. While fibroids are not life-threatening, they can greatly affect your physical, emotional, and social well-being. Addressing them can help you regain control over your life and improve your overall health.

At Preferred Fibroid, we specialize in helping women explore minimally invasive solutions like UFE. Our team is here to answer your questions and provide personalized care. Reach out today for a consultation and take the first step toward a healthier, more comfortable life.